History of Brief History

Popular Agra history is mostly recognised with Mughal dynasty who ruled most in Agra and gave its current look. As they spend, very long time in Agra so most of the current historical sites of Agra are associated with Mughal rule period. Agra city is mentioned in Hindu epic "Mahabharata" and is referred as "Agrevana" name which means "Border of the forest". It is believed that foundation of city is laid by Raja Badal Singh which was the Sikarwar Rajput King (1475 A.D.). He had his fort called Badalgarh at the same Agra Fort site which means, Agra Fort is modified version of old Hindu fort. Agra was first declared capital of India in 16th century when Sultan Sikandar Lodhi shifted capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506. It was the first time in Agra history when it was became Capital of India. Lodhi rule prevailed till 1526 when Ibrahim Lodhi was defeated by Battle of Panipat by Mughal emperor Babur and capital was shifted again to Delhi. After death of Babur, Sher Shah Suri overthrown Babur's son Humayun and ruled over the area from 1540 to 1556 and ruled from Delhi. Later Mughal emperor Humayun fought back and again established Mughal empire and capital reinstated to Agra. Mughal ruled over the Agra from 1556 to 1658. This period was considered as golden period of Agra and was main power center of Indian in those days. During the rule of Mughal emperors Akbar, Jehangir and Shahjahan, Agra flourished, expanded and taken its actual shape. In later years of his rule, Shah Jahan shifted the capital from Agra to Delhi but soon his son Aurangzeb dethroned Shah Jahan and bring back capital from Delhi to Agra. After Aurangzeb, Mughal empire started diminishing in power by 17th century. Later in 18th century, Agra came under British rule till independence.